Building a rest API with spray
Building a rest API with akka and spray is easy. This is how I did it: SprayApiApp:
import akka.actor.{ActorSystem, Props}
import akka.io.IO
import akka.pattern.ask
import akka.util.Timeout
import spray.can.Http
import scala.concurrent.duration._
object SprayApiApp extends App {
//we need an ActorSystem to host our application in
implicit val system = ActorSystem("SprayApiApp")
//create apiActor
val apiActor = system.actorOf(Props[ApiActor], "apiActor")
//timeout needs to be set as an implicit val for the ask method (?)
implicit val timeout = Timeout(5.seconds)
//start a new HTTP server on port 8080 with apiActor as the handler
IO(Http) ? Http.Bind(apiActor, interface = "localhost", port = 8080)
}
ApiActor:
import akka.actor.{ActorLogging, Actor}
import spray.http.MediaTypes
import spray.httpx.SprayJsonSupport._
import spray.json.DefaultJsonProtocol
import spray.routing._
object RobotProtocol extends DefaultJsonProtocol {
//Our domain class
case class Robot(name: String)
//We use the default json marshalling for Robot.
//There are multiple jsonFormat methods in DefaultJsonProtocol. Depending on how many parameters the model class has.
//Robot has just one, so we use jsonFormat1
implicit val RobotFormat = jsonFormat1(Robot)
}
import RobotProtocol._
class ApiActor extends Actor with HttpService with ActorLogging {
//A list of our domain objects
var robots = List(Robot("R2D2"), Robot("Asimo"))
//The HttpService trait defines only one abstract member, which
//connects the services environment to the enclosing actor or test
def actorRefFactory = context
//This actor only runs our route, but you could add
//other things here, like request stream processing or timeout handling
def receive = runRoute(apiRoute)
//Notice that both path methods return a Route. We need to chain them together with ~
val apiRoute: Route =
path("robots") {
get { //with get we will return our current list of robots
log.info("Building get route")
complete {
log.info("Executing get route")
//complete will return the result in an appropriate format
//With SprayJsonSupport it knows how to marshall a List to json
//With RobotFormat it knows how to marshall Robot
robots
}
} ~ post { //With post we will add a robot
log.info("Building post route")
handleWith { robot: Robot => //handleWith will unmarshall the input
log.info("Executing post route")
robots = robot :: robots
robot //handleWith will also marshall the result. Here we simply return the new robot.
}
}
} ~ path("") { //When we go to localhost:8080/ just show a link to localhost:8080/robots
respondWithMediaType(MediaTypes.`text/html`) { //XML is marshalled to `text/xml` by default, so we simply override here
complete {
[The list of robots](/robots)
}
}
}
}
The full example code: https://github.com/tammosminia/sprayApiExample/tree/sprayCanStart When we run this, we can do a get on http://localhost:8080/robots and get the list of robots:
[{
"name": "R2D2"
}, {
"name": "Asimo"
}]
And we can do a post to http://localhost:8080/robots to add a robot: with header Content-Type: application/json
{
"name": "Optimus Prime"
}
When we take a look at the logging, we notice that the code in the route construction will only run once during startup. Only the code within complete and handleWith will be run with every request.
[INFO] [03/15/2015 12:08:21.572] [SprayApiApp-akka.actor.default-dispatcher-3] [akka://SprayApiApp/user/apiActor] Building get route
[INFO] [03/15/2015 12:08:21.578] [SprayApiApp-akka.actor.default-dispatcher-3] [akka://SprayApiApp/user/apiActor] Building post route
[INFO] [03/15/2015 12:08:22.144] [SprayApiApp-akka.actor.default-dispatcher-4] [akka://SprayApiApp/user/IO-HTTP/listener-0] Bound to localhost/127.0.0.1:8080
[INFO] [03/15/2015 12:08:27.243] [SprayApiApp-akka.actor.default-dispatcher-3] [akka://SprayApiApp/user/apiActor] Executing get route
[INFO] [03/15/2015 12:08:30.066] [SprayApiApp-akka.actor.default-dispatcher-4] [akka://SprayApiApp/user/apiActor] Executing post route
with thanks to: http://blog.michaelhamrah.com/2013/06/scala-web-apis-up-and-running-with-spray-and-akka/